Uroteuthis chinensis is one of the main target species of the torch-light fishery in the Taiwan Strait. In the past, several studies on biology and stock assessment have been conducted. Understanding the influences of U. chinensis habitat environmental variations on the U. chinensis stock are crucial for ecosystem-based fishery management. The interannual and seasonal variations in sea surface temperature anomalies and the upwelling area in the Taiwan Strait were studied using remote satellite data collected from 2005 to 2012. The results showed that the sea surface temperature (SST) was relatively high in the Taiwan Strait from 2005 to 2009, and also revealed a smaller upwelling area and a lower CPUE for U. chinensis during this period. Moreover, the SST was relatively low in the Taiwan Strait from 2010 to 2012, while the upwelling area was simultaneously larger and the CPUE was higher.